Denominator

The bottom number of a fraction. It tells you how many equal parts the whole is divided into. Example: In 3/4, the denominator is 4.

Numerator

The top number of a fraction. It tells you how many parts you have. Example: In 3/4, the numerator is 3.

Equivalent Fractions

Fractions that represent the same amount, even though they use different numbers. Example: 1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8

Proper Fraction

A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator. Example: 3/4, 1/2, 5/8

Improper Fraction

A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. Example: 5/3, 7/4, 9/9

Mixed Number

A number made up of a whole number and a proper fraction. Example: 2 3/4 (two and three-fourths)

Simplify (Reduce)

Write a fraction in its simplest form by dividing the numerator and denominator by their greatest common factor. Example: 4/8 simplifies to 1/2

Common Denominator

A shared denominator that two or more fractions can be rewritten with, making it easier to add or subtract them. Example: To add 1/3 + 1/4, use 12 as the common denominator.

Benchmark Fraction

A common fraction used as a reference point when estimating or comparing other fractions. Examples: 0, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1

Reciprocal

The fraction you get when you flip the numerator and denominator. Example: The reciprocal of 3/4 is 4/3. Used when dividing fractions.